This session explores governance transformations required to address the ocean-climate-biodiversity nexus and the implications for the blue economy and society. Profound changes are needed in the structures, processes, rules, and norms that catalyze radical and sustainable reconfigurations of social, political, economic and ecological aspects of oceans. Potential entry points to explore blue governance transformations at the ocean-climate-biodiversity nexus include fisheries and food systems (e.g., climate resilient fisheries), managing and mitigating nutrient flows at the land-ocean interface, the expansion of MCDR initiatives and their implications for vulnerable coastal communities (e.g., tenure, resource access), and net positive biodiversity and conservation initiatives, including the emergence of biodiversity credit schemes. A cross-cutting challenge is how to better align advances in empirical understandings of the ocean-climate-biodiversity nexus with governance and policy innovations that consider issues of equity and justice. Novel methods that foster knowledge co-production and transdisciplinary perspectives (e.g., future scenarios, participatory modelling) are recognized as particularly important in supporting governance transformations. The session provides a foundation to explore the governance transformations needed to address a range of Ocean Decade challenges, such as Challenge 2 (protect and restore ecosystems and biodiversity), Challenge 3 (sustainably feed the global population), and Challenge 5 (unlocking ocean-based solutions to climate change).